SouthPing · the temperature probe

Thermal Probe Wiring

A waterproof DS18B20 on a three-wire lead has to get from the sea — on a LAND probe, from a pocket of air or snow — into a sealed hull, and end in a connector the carrier board accepts. Three wires in, three pins out, and one of the hull register's thirteen holes (thirteen holes and one seam, hull spec §7) in between.

Companion to buoy-parts-book.html and battery-pack-wiring.html. Pin order from the carrier brief §5, which keeps the rev. 3 order spec's keying decision (decision 9) and supersedes that spec's cross-plug matrix; the gland from the hull spec §7 row 14a.

⚠ HULL-09 — no hull is printed for deployment until this joint is tested

The probe's lead reaches the dry cavity through a PG7 cable gland in the sensor-pocket roof. The bore is unconditional in sphere200g_p123, so every hull will carry it — none has been printed yet (HULL-21) — and the penetration exists whether or not the gland is fitted. The gland is chosen and not fitted, and the joint has never been pressure-tested.

That is one of three blocking rows on the hull (HULL-09, HULL-10 and HULL-20), and it is the reason this page ends on a gate rather than on a build. Everything below is buildable on the bench today; none of it goes in the water until HULL-09 closes.

Three wires, one hull, three pins

Wet side — flooded on SEA an L-shaped pocket at azimuth 270, open to the sea through the hull’s bottom. A dent, not a penetration — the 3.0 mm [C] wall is the barrier along its whole height On LAND the same pocket holds air, snow or meltwater, not sea water DS18B20 tip Ø6.3 × 50 mm [D] stainless ±0.5 °C [D] absolute — used for gradients, not for absolutes one 3-wire lead hull 3.0 mm [C] ASA PG7 cable gland thread Ø12.5 × 1.27, 8 mm [D] seals on 3–6.5 mm cable [D] ⚠ NOT FITTED — HULL-09 Dry cavity everything right of the wall is inside the sealed hull the lead is the only thing that crosses it the housing is crimped on in here — it cannot pass back through the gland afterwards (an XHP-3 housing is about 9.8 mm wide, unconfirmed; the seal shuts on 6.5 [D]) JST-XH, 3-position 1 2 3 J8 — the order is keying 1 DATA — yellow 2 GND — black 3 3V3 — red DATA and 3V3 on the OUTER pins, deliberately — see below. Do not “tidy” this into 3V3-DATA-GND. Pin 3 is OW_3V3, behind R6 (100 Ω). meteo-carrier OW_DATA_J R7 100 Ω OW_DATA IO4 R3 4.7 kΩ to 3V3 the pull-up is what makes 1-Wire work: the bus idles high, and every device only ever pulls it down 1-Wire: one line carries clock and data together
Left of the wall is wet, right of it is dry, and the only thing that crosses is a 3–6.5 mm [D] cable through a gland that has never been pressure-tested. The connector is crimped on the dry side because it is wider than the gland's seal it would have to come back through.

Why three wires and not two

A DS18B20 can run on two wires — parasitic power, where the sensor steals charge from the data line between transactions and stores it in an internal capacitor. It is a real mode and it halves the conductors through a gland, which is exactly the constraint here.

This design uses three anyway, on its own 3V3 feed. Parasitic mode needs a strong pull-up switched onto the bus during temperature conversion, is fussier about cable length and capacitance, and turns a sealed, unrecoverable probe's only sea-temperature reading into a mode with more ways to go marginal. The third wire buys margin on the one measurement that cannot be repaired at sea, at the cost of one more conductor through a gland already rated for the cable.

The pin order is keying, not convenience

J8 is the only fully-populated 3-position port on the board — the thermistor and leak ports both leave their centre pin vacant, which is what makes a wrong plug harmless there. J8 cannot do that, because it needs all three. So it is keyed a different way: by pin order.

With DATA and 3V3 on the outer pins, an NTC harness — which is loaded on its outer positions — plugged into J8 lands across DATA and 3V3, and sees 3.3 V at both ends (DATA through R7 and pulled up by R3, 3V3 through R6): zero static current [C], nothing damaged. A leak harness in the same position puts ~0 V [C] across the hull pads: no electrolysis, no standing drain. Reorder those three pins for tidiness and both of those become live faults.

⚠ A solar plug in J8 — closed on 2026-10-03, with one as-built caveat (FW-29)

Every other cross-plug on the board is either impossible or harmless. This one was not: a 2-position solar housing pushed into J8 lands both contacts, and would put up to ≈ 8.5 V open-circuit in the cold [C] on IO4 (rated 3.6 V [D]) or straight onto the 3V3 rail. Nothing about pin order fixes that, because the port has no dead pin to absorb an offset.

The carrier brief closed it on 2026-10-03 by how the solar cable is built: its charger end is soldered, its one XH-2 plug mates at the combiner, and a plug pulled off the combiner carries no panel voltage — so the loose live housing the hazard needs does not exist. Keep it that way: no connector at the charger end. As built, though, every panel lead ends in an XH plug into a socket on the combiner's pad pair, on all three combiner boards, where the combiner spec §4 has the leads soldered; a panel plug that parted would be live. Whether to accept those plugs or solder the leads is open as FW-29, and this page does not decide it.

Build order

Step 2 is the one that is expensive to get wrong: crimp before threading and the housing will not pass the gland, and the only way back is to cut the crimps off.

  1. Identify the three wires with a meter, before anything else — see the warning below. Do not trust the colours: board 1's probe is rung out, the other two are not (HULL-28).
  2. Thread the bare cable through the gland body first — nut, seal, then body — and only then crimp. An XHP-3 housing is about 9.8 mm wide by retailers' listings [D] — confirm it on JST's XHP drawing before the glands are bought — against a seal that shuts on 6.5 mm of cable [D]. Either way it will not pass.
  3. Fit the gland into the pocket roof, into the female PG7 thread cut in 3.0 mm [C] of ASA, and leave enough slack inside the cavity that the lead is not the thing holding the probe.
  4. Crimp the three contacts and load the housing yellow → 1, black → 2, red → 3 — DATA, GND, 3V3 — matching J8. Use a white housing, the rev. 3 order spec's colour for sensor harnesses.
  5. Bring-up check: a 1-Wire search on IO4 returns a ROM ID and a plausible temperature. A search that finds nothing usually means DATA and 3V3 are swapped; a search that finds a device reading +85 °C — the datasheet's power-on reset value [D] — usually means no conversion has completed, so check its supply first.

⚠ The colour-to-function map is recorded for one probe, not for the other two

The probe arrives with three stripped wires — red, yellow and black — and the near-universal convention for these is red = VDD, yellow = DATA, black = GND. Cheap waterproof DS18B20s are known to ship with the mapping shuffled. On 2026-10-15 board 1's probe was rung out by diode test — red probe on black, black probe on yellow 587 mV, on red 675 mV, and open both ways with the probes swapped [M] — which puts black on GND; a temporary lead (yellow → 1, black → 2, red → 3) then read a ROM ID and 26.94 °C on J8 [M]. Red and yellow are the convention, and the search agrees. Board 2's probe answered first time on the same order, but its wire test was not recorded; the other two probes are not rung out (HULL-28).

Reversing red and black destroys the sensor, and there is no spare per probe once all three deploy. Ring out each unrung probe with a meter against the sensor's own datasheet pinout before its first power-up, and write what you find on the harness. Everything in the drawing above assumes the convention holds for them.

What each wire does

WireNetJ8 pinWhat it does
yellowOW_DATA_J1The whole bus, after R7 (100 Ω). 1-Wire carries clock and data on one line; the sensor never drives it high, only pulls it low against R3
blackGND2Return. On the centre pin, which is the position an offset-inserted 2-pin housing is most likely to land on
redOW_3V33Supply, from the always-on rail through R6 (100 Ω) — the reason there are three wires rather than two

R3, the 4.7 kΩ pull-up, and R6 and R7, the 100 Ω resistors the port leaves through since rev. 4 (ADR 0017, decision 12), live on the carrier and not in the harness — so the harness is three plain wires and nothing else, and a spare can be made anywhere. The 100 Ω is what lets a flooded probe cost a thermometer, not the station; it saves the rail, not the pack. A flooded cable is a 33 mA load [C] on the always-on rail that nothing can switch off, about three weeks of a full pack [C] (FW-21).

Open, and not to be guessed at the bench

HULL-09
The gland is not fitted and the joint has never been pressure-tested. The bore is unconditional in the model, so it will be live in every hull printed. Blocking: no hull is printed for deployment until this closes.
HULL-08
The probe has nowhere to go. The owned Ø6.3 × 50 mm probe has no retention and no fit design; the pocket only reserves volume (hull spec §16.8).
HULL-11
The pocket's roof, which carries the gland's thread, is a 21 mm unsupported bridge against 15 mm of printed evidence, and has not been printed on a coupon (hull spec §16.11).
HULL-05
The probe is to be bedded in thermally conductive epoxy (mission spec §5.7). That epoxy is on the fleet order list, not in the hull spec's §16.
HULL-21
No hull has been printed or pressure-tested in any version. The pocket, the bore and the gland joint are a plan until the submersion test (hull spec §12) has run.
HULL-28
Which colour is which. See the warning above. Board 1's probe was rung out on 2026-10-15 (black = GND [M]); the other two have not been, and red/yellow/black = VDD/DATA/GND is only the convention.
HULL-28
Whether the probe's cable fits the gland. The PG7 seals on 3–6.5 mm [D]; the DS18B20's lead diameter is not recorded. Measure it before ordering glands, not after.
PROC-07
The PG7 gland is not bought. Four are wanted — three probes and the test article — and bom-prod.md has no line for it. Two more probes are also to buy: three are owned and all three probes deploy one, which leaves no spare and no calibration unit; no backlog row tracks that purchase.
FW-21
A flooded cable is a 33 mA load [C] nothing can switch off, about three weeks of a full pack [C]. Feed the probe from a GPIO or the switched GPS rail, or accept the risk — undecided.

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